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Research Article
Improvised bounds of the Sombor index and applications to molecular graphsMitesh J. Patel1*, Ashika Panicker2
1Department of Mathematics, Tolani College of Arts and Science, Adipur (Kachchh), Gujarat, India * Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO Journal: International Journal of Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (IJAAMM) Volume: 13 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 32–38 Issue date: June 2026 License: Open Access (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) DOI: 10.26541/ijaamm.2026.130404 ARTICLE HISTORY Received: 28 January 2026 Revised: 16 March 2026 Accepted: 19 March 2026 Published online: March 2026 AbstractConsidering a simple connected graph \( G = (V,E) \) with \( n \) vertices and \( m \) edges, the Sombor index is defined as \( SO(G) = \sum_{uv \in E(G)} \sqrt{d_u^2 + d_v^2} \), where \( d_u \) and \( d_v \) are the degrees of the end vertices of an edge. In this paper, the correlations between the Sombor index and certain physicochemical properties of molecular structures are investigated. Furthermore, upper bounds for the Sombor index of graphs are established and the analysis is extended to graphs obtained through standard graph operations. KeywordsSombor Index • Degree of vertex • Chemical graphs MSC (2020)05C07 • 05C09 How to CitePatel, M. J., and Panicker, A. (2026). Improvised bounds of the Sombor index and applications to molecular graphs. International Journal of Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 13(4), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.26541/ijaamm.2026.130404 © 2026 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial NoDerivatives License. |
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